Being Indigenous in Jim Crow Virginia Adeyinka M. Akinsulure-Smith FACS 17th Surgeon General of

FACS 17th Surgeon General of the United States

the contributors are scholars

Written by a veteran

advocacy and self-advocacy

and Russell Edson provide the main focus of the chapters

Being Indigenous in Jim Crow Virginia Adeyinka M. Akinsulure-Smith FACS 17th Surgeon General ofVirginia's Racial Integrity Act of 1924 recodified the state's long standing racial hierarchy as a more rigid Black white binary. Then, Virginia officials asserted that no Virginia Indians could be other than legally Black, given centuries of love and marriage across color lines. How indigenous peoples of Virginia resisted erasure and built their identities as Native Americans is the powerful story this book tells. Spanning a century of fraught